What is meant by gene cloning?

2

(a)

You have created a recombinant DNA molecule by ligating a gene to a plasmid vector. By mistake, your friend adds exonuclease enzyme to the tube containing the recombinant DNA. How will your experiment get affected as you plan to go transformation now?

2

(a)

A mixture of fragmented DNA was electrophoresed in an agarose gel. After staining the gel with ethidium bromide, no DNA bands were observed. What could be the reason?

2

(a)

(i) How are recombinant vectors created? 
(ii) For creating one recombinant vector only one type of restriction endonuclease is required. Give reason.

2

(a)

What would happen if you grow a recombinant in a bioreactor but forget to add antibiotic to the medium in which the recombinant is growing?

2

(a)