Which one of the following is not a factor of soil formation?

1

(a)

Time

(b)

Soil texture

(c)

Organic matter

Common property resource is also known as

1

(a)

industrial land

(b)

agricultural land

(c)

community land

(d)

private land

What is the percentage of usable water for human consumption?

1

(a)

97

(b)

12

(c)

1

(d)

10

Which of the following factors influences the type and distribution of natural vegetation?

1

(a)

Landforms

(b)

Soil

(c)

Climate

(d)

All of these

Which of the following physical features are best suited for living?

1

(a)

Plains and river valleys

(b)

Deserts

(c)

Lakes and rivers

(d)

Mountains

The process responsible for soil formation is called ______

1

(a)

weathering

The percentage of fresh water on the Earth is _____

1

(a)

2.7

The colour, texture etc of soil is determined by _____

1

(a)

parent rock

Climatic factors influencing rate of weathering include ____ and ____

1

(a)

rainfall, temperature

70% of fresh water exists as _____

1

(a)

ice sheets

The growing population is not a cause of soil erosion.

1

(a) True

(b) False

Forest and other vegetation reduce surface run-off.

1

(a) False

(b) True

Most of Africa and entire Australia are facing shortages in fresh water supply.

1

(a) False

(b) True

Vegetation and wildlife are valuable resources.

1

(a) False

(b) True

It takes hundreds of years to make just one centimetre of soil.

1

(a) True

(b) False

Define water scarcity.

1

(a)

Shortage of water as compared to its demand is known as water scarcity.

What are the threatened species?

1

(a)

All the species which are listed in endangered, critically endangered and vulnerable group are altogether called threatened species.

What is vegetation?

1

(a)

Assemblages of plants in an environment is known as vegetation.

Name the regions of the world which are facing water scarcity?

1

(a)

Africa, West Asia, South Asia, parts of Western USA, North-West Mexico, parts of South America and entire Australia, are facing shortages in freshwater supply.

Why are animals poached?

1

(a)

The animals are poached for collection and illegal trade of hides, skins, nails, teeth, horns as well as feathers.

Why should we conserve biodiversity?

3

(a)

Why is land use pattern changing?

3

(a)

The given passage is about what type of calamity or disaster?

3

(a)

What was the reason behind the major landslide at Pangi village?

3

(a)

What are the various ways of mitigation of landslides? Write any 3 ways.

3

(a)

What is rainwater harvesting? Give some advantages of rainwater harvesting.

5

(a)

Read the given articles carefully.

(i) Read the news item and find out how fire started in California? Could it be avoided?
(ii) Write some measures to avoid this kind of hazard.

5

(a)

In India soils could be alluvial, black, red, laterite desertic and mountain soil. Collect a handful of different types of soil and observe. How these soils are different?

5

(a)