Which of the following is not a abiotic component of the ecosystem?

(a)

Bacteria

(b)

Humus

(c)

Organic compounds

(d)

Inorganic compounds

Pond is a type of ______.

(a)

forest ecosystem

(b)

grassland ecosystem

(c)

marine ecosystem

(d)

fresh water ecosystem

Solar energy used by green plants for photosynthesis is only ______.

(a)

2 – 8%

(b)

2 – 10%

(c)

3 – 10%

(d)

2 – 9%

Ecosystem consists of ____.

(a)

decomposers

(b)

producers

(c)

consumers

(d)

all of the above

Which of the following is / are not the mechanism of decomposition

(a)

Eluviation

(b)

Catabolism

(c)

Anabolism

(d)

fragmentation 

Which of the following is not a sedimentary cycle

(a)

Nitrogen cycle

(b)

Phosphorous cycle

(c)

Sulphur cycle

(d)

Calcium cycle

Cimatic factor

(1)

percipitation

Edaphic factor

(2)

Succession initiating on barren rock

Organic factor

(3)

Succession initiating on saline water

Lithosere

(4)

humic substances

 Halosere

(5)

pH of soil

Productivity of profundal zone will be low. Why?

Pyramid of energy is always upright. Give reasons

Mention any two climatic factors and edaphic factors of an ecosystem.

Define 'Standing state' with regard to ecosystem.

What are biotic components?

What is standing crop?

Name the category of organisms that occupy the first tropic level (T₁) and fourth tropic level (T₄) in an ecosystem,

What is energy flow?

Define food chain.

What are Blue carbon ecosystems?

Name of the food chain which is generally present in all type of ecosystem. Explain and write their significance.

Shape of pyramid in a particular ecosystem is always different in shape. Explain with example.

Bring out the significance of food web.

Explain various steps involved in decomposition (or) Write the steps involved in the mechanism decomposition. 

List out the characteristics of ecological succession.