From the following particulars ascertain profit or loss: 

	Rs.
Capital at the beginning of the year (1st April, 2016)	2,00,000
Capital at the end of the year (31st March, 2017)	3,50,000
Additional capital introduced during the year	70,000
Drawings during the year	40,000

From the following details find out total sales made during the year.

	Rs
Debtors on 1st April 2018	50,000
Cash received from debtors during the year	1,50,000
Returns inward	15,000
Bad debts	5,000
Debtors on 31st March 2019	70,000
Cash Sales	1,40,000

From the following details, calculate credit purchases

Particulars	Rs
Creditors on 1st April, 2018	50,000
Returns outward	6,000
Cash paid to creditors	1,60,000
Creditors on 31st March, 2019	70,000

Find out credit sales from the following information:

Particulars	Rs.
Debtors on 1st April, 2018	1,00,000
Cash received from debtors	2,30,000
Discount allowed	5,000
Returns inward	25,000
Debtors on 31st March 2019	1,20,000

Why is statement of affairs prepared under single entry system not referred to as balance sheet?

From the following details calculate the amount that will be shown as subscription in Income and Expenditure Account for the year ending 31^st March, 2017.

Subscription received for	Rs.
2015-16	7,500
2016-17	60,000
2017-18	1,500
	69,000

Subscription outstanding for the year 2016-17 is Rs. 2,400. Subscription for 2016-17 received in 2015-16 was Rs.1,000

State the meaning of not–for–profit organisation

Give four examples for capital receipts of not–for–profit organisation.

Compute income from subscription for the year 2018 from the following particulars relating to a club

Particulars	1.1.2018 Rs.	31.12.2018 Rs.
Outstanding subscription	3,000	5,000
Subscription received in advance	4,000	7,000

Subscription received during the year 2018: Rs.45,000.

Show how the following items appear in the income and expenditure account of Sirkazhi Singers Association?

	Rs.
Stock of stationery on 1.4.2018	2,600
Purchase of stationery during the year	6,500
Stock of stationery on 31.3.2018	2,200

Write a note on Donations

Distinguish between income and expenditure account and profit and loss account

The capital account of Arivazhagan and Srinivasan on 1^st January 2017 showed a balance of Rs. 15,000 and Rs. 10,000 respectively. On 1^st July 2017, Arivazhagan introduced an additional capital of  Rs. 5,000 and on 1st September 2017 Srinivasan introduced an additional capital of Rs. 10,000. Calculate interest on capital at 6% p.a. for the year ending 31^st December 2017.

What is a partnership deed?

Kumar is a partner in a partnership firm. As per the partnership deed, interest on drawings is charged at 6% per annum. During the year ended 31st December, 2018 he withdrew as follows:

Date	Rs.
March 1	4,000
June 1	4,000
September 1	4,000
December 1	4,000

Calculate the amount of interest on drawings. 

What is partner's current Account?

Interest on partner's capital and interest on drawings are recorded through profit and loss appropriation account instead of profit and loss account. Why?

An accountant of the firm has debited interest on partner's loan to the profit and loss appropriation account and credited to the partner's capital account. Is he correct?

A partnership firm has decided to value its goodwill for the purpose of settling a retiring partner. The profits of that firm for the last four years were as follows:
2015: Rs. 40,000; 2016: Rs. 50,000; 2017: Rs. 48,000 and 2018: Rs. 46,000
The business was looked after by a partner. No remuneration was paid to him. The fair remuneration of the partner valued at comes to Rs. 6,000 per annum.
Find out the value of goodwill, if it is valued on the basis of three years purchase of the average profits of the last four years

The following are the profits of a firm in the last five years:
2014: Rs. 10,000; 2015: Rs. 11,000; 2016: Rs. 12,000; 2017: Rs. 13,000 and 2018: Rs. 14,000
Calculate the value of goodwill at 2 years purchase of average profit of five years.

How does the factor's 'quality of product' affect the goodwill of a firm?

Kavitha and Radha are partners of a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 4:3. They admit Deepa on 1.1.2019. On that date, their balance sheet showed debit balance of profit and loss account being accumulated loss of Rs. 70,000 on the asset side of the balance sheet. Give the journal entry to transfer the accumulated loss on admission.

Hameed and Govind are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3. They admit John as a partner. John acquires his share 1/5 from Hameed and 1/5 from Govind. Find out the new profit sharing ratio and sacrificing ratio.

Anil, Sunil and Hari are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4 : 3 : 3. They admit Raja for 20% profit. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio and sacrificing ratio.

How are accumulated profits and losses distributed among the partners at the time of admission of a new partner?

Vimala and Kamala are partners, sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 4:3. Vinitha enters into the partnership and she acquires 1/14 from Vimala and 1/14 from Kamala. Find out the new profit sharing ratio and sacrificing ratio.

Praveena and Dhanya are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 7:3. They admit Malini into the firm. The new ratio among Praveena, Dhanya and Malini is 5:2:3. Calculate the sacrificing ratio.

On the admission of C, A and B decide to record an unrecorded asset worth Rs.10,000 State whether the revaluation account will be debited or credited.

Mary, Meena and Mariam are partners of a firm sharing profits and losses equally. Mary retired from the partnership on 1.1.2019. On that date, their balance sheet showed accumulated loss of Rs. 75,000 on the asset side of the balance sheet. Give the journal entry to distribute the accumulated loss.

What is the journal entry to be passed to transfer the amount due to the deceased partner to the executor of the deceased partner?

Sunil, Sumathi and Sundari are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 3 : 4. Sundari retires and her share is taken up entirely by Sunil. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio and gaining ratio

What is New profit sharing ratio?

Name the account which is opened to credit the share of profit of the deceased partner, till the time of death to his capital account. 

Raji, Mohana, Sonu were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ration of 4;3;2 Mohana retired. Her share was taken over equally by Raji and Sonu. In which ratio will be profit or loss on revaluation of assets and liabilities on the retirement of Mohana be transferred to the capital accounts of the partners.

Sudha Ltd. offered 1,00,000 shares of Rs.10 each to the public payable Rs.3 on application, Rs.4 on share allotment and the balance when required. Applications for 1,40,000 shares were received on which the directors allotted as:
Applicants for 60,000 shares - Full
Applicants for 75,000 shares - 40,000 shares (excess money will be utilised for allotment)
Applicants for 5,000 shares - Nil
All the money due was received. Pass journal entries upto the receipt of allotment.

What is over-subscription?

What are the differences between over subscription and under subscription?

From the following particulars, prepare comparative income statement of Abdul Co. Ltd.

Particulars	2015-16 Rs.	2016-17 Rs.
Revenue from operations	3,00,000	3,60,000
Other income	1,00,000	60,000
Expenses	2,00,000	1,80,000
Income tax	30%	30%

From the following balance sheet of Chandra Ltd, prepare comparative balance sheet as on 31st March 2016 and 31^st March 2017.

Particulars	31st March 2016	31st March 2017
	Rs.	Rs.
I EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Shareholders’ fund	1,00,000	2,60,000
Non-current liabilities	50,000	60,000
Current liabilities	25,000	30,000
Total	1,75,000	3,50,000
II ASSETS	1,00,000	2,00,000
Current assets	75,000	1,50,000
Total	1,75,000	3,50,000

What is working capital?

What do you mean by financial statement analysis?

What does return on investment ratio indicate?

Following is the balance sheet of Magesh Ltd. as on 31st March, 2019:

Particulars	Rs.
I EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
1. Shareholders’ funds
Equity share capital	2,00,000
2. Non-current liabilities
Long term borrowings	50,000
3. Current liabilities
(a) Short-term borrowings	17,000
(b) Trade payables	25,000
(c) Other current liabilities
Expenses payable	3,000
(d) Short-term provisions	5,000
Total	3,00,000
II ASSETS	Rs.
1. Non-current assets
Fixed assets
(a) Tangible assets	1,50,000
(b) Trade receivables	70,000
(c) Cash and cash equivalents	30,000
(d) Other current assets
Prepaid expenses	5,000
Total	3,00,000

Calculate:
(i) Current ratio
(ii) Quick ratio

From the following Balance Sheet of Pioneer Ltd. calculate proprietary ratio:

Balance sheet of Pioneer Ltd. as on 31.3.2019

Particulars	Rs.
I EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
1. Shareholders' funds
(a) Share capital
(i) Equity share capital	1,00,000
(ii) Preference share capital	75,000
(b) Reserves and surplus	25,000
2. Non-current liabilities
Long-term borrowings	-
3. Current liabilities
Trade payables	2,00,000
Total	4,00,000
II ASSETS
1. Non-current assets
(a) Fixed assets	2,75,000
(b) Non-current investments	50,000
2. Current assets
Cash and Cash equivalents	75,000
Total	4,00,000

From the following information calculate capital gearing ratio:

Balance Sheet (Extract) as on 31.03.2018

Particulars	Rs.
I EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
1. Shareholders' funds
(a) Share capital
Equity share capital	2,00,000
6% Preference share capital	1,00,000
(b) Reserves and surplus
General reserve	1,25,000
Surplus	75,000
2. Non-current liabilities
Long-term borrowings (8% Debentures)	2,00,000
3. Current liabilities
Trade payables	1,50,000
Provision for tax	50,000
Total	9,00,000

Definition of ratio analysis.

The average age of inventory is viewed as the average length of time inventory is held by the firm or as the average number of day's sales in inventory. Explain.

State any five accounting reports.

What is a group in Tally ERP 9?

What is MIS?