Distinguish between wireline and wireless communication? Specify the range of electromagnetic waves in which it is used.

What do you mean by Internet of Things?

Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.

How electron-hole pairs are created in a semiconductor material?

Distinguish between avalanche breakdown and Zener breakdown.

Discuss the biasing polarities in an NPN and PNP transistors

Write a note on photodiode.

State and prove De Morgan’s first and second theorem.

Four silicon diodes and a 10 Ω resistor are connected as shown in figure below. Each diode has a resistance of 1Ω. Find the current flows through the 10Ω resistor.

A transistor having α = 0.99 and V_BE = 0.7V, is connected in the common-cmiitter configuration as shown in figure. If the transister is in saturation region, find the value of the collector current.

In the circuit shown in the figure, the BJT has a current gain (β) of 50. For an emitter-base voltage V_EB = 600 mV, calculate the emitter-collector voltage V_EC (in volts).

Find the current through the Zener diode when the load resistance is 2 kΩ. Use diode approximation.

The output characteristics of a transistor connected in common emitter mode is shown in the figure. Determine the value of IC when V_CE = 15 V. Also determine the value of I_C when V_CE is changed to 10 V

The current gain of a common emitter transistor circuit shown in figure is 120. Draw the DC load line and mark the Q point on it. (V_BE to be ignored).

Calculate the range of the variable capacitor that is to be used in a tuned-collector oscillator which has a fixed inductance of 150 μH. The frequency band is from 500 kHz to 1500 kHz.

Assuming V _CEsat = 0.2 V and \(\beta\) = 50, find the minimum base current (I_B) required to drive the transistor given in the figure to saturation.