Give the uses of zinc.

Explain the following terms with suitable examples.
(i) Gangue
(ii) slag

What is meant by aluminotherrnitc process?

Support the statement given below with relevant examples.

Give one example for each of the following
(i) icosogens
(ii) Tetragens
(iii) pnictogens
(iv) chalcogens

Write a note on metallic nature of p-block elements.

What are the uses of diborane?

Describe the structure of carbon nanotubes.

How will you prepare chlorine in the laboratory?

Write the reason for the anomalous behaviour of Nitrogen.

Name a reaction for the estimation of Ozone.

Why do noble gases form compounds with fluorine and oxygen only?

Write the electronic configuration of Ce⁴⁺ and Co²⁺.

Explain why Cr²⁺ is strongly reducing while Mn³⁺ is strongly oxidizing.

Give the ionic reaction of electrolytic of aqueous solution of KMnO₄

Why Hcl and HNO₃ cannot be used for making the KMnO₄ medium acidic?

Write briefly about the applications of coordination compounds in volumetric analysis

Why tetrahedral complexes do not exhibit geometrical isomerism.

What is the significance of stability constants?

Mohr's salt answers the presence of Fe²⁺, NH⁴⁺and SO₄^2- ions, whereas the potassium ferrithiocyanate will not answer Fe³⁺ and SCN ions give reason.

Explain Schottky defect.

Calculate the number of atoms in a fcc unit cell.

Silver crystallines in fcc lattice. If edge length of the cell is 4.07 x 10^-8 em and density is 10.5 g cm^-3. Calculate the atomic mass of silver

If NaCI is doped with 10^-3 mol % of SrCl₂ What is the concentration of cation valencies?

A gas phase reaction has energy of activation 200 kJ mol^-1. If the frequency factor of the reaction is 1.6 x 10¹³s^-1. Calculate the rate constant at 600 K.(e^-40.09 = 3.8 x 10^-48)

A reaction is of second order in A and first order in B.
(i) Write the differential rate equation. 
(ii) How is the rate affected on increasing the concentration of A three times?
(iii) How is the rate affected when the concentration of both A and B is doubled?

Give examples for first order reaction.

A first order reaction takes 8 hours for 90% completion. Calculate the time required for 80% completion. (log 5 = 0.6989 ; log10 = 1)

Define pH.

Calculate the pH of 1.5\(\times\)10^-3 M solution of Ba(OH)₂

What do you mean by auto ionisation of water?

Define buffer Index

Why is AC current used instead of DC in measuring the electrolytic conductance?

Is it possible to store copper sulphate in an iron vessel for a long time?
Given : \(E^{0}_{Cu^{2+}|Cu} = 0.34\) V and \(E^{0}_{Fe^{2+}|Fe} = -0.44\)V.

Write the cell representation of the galvanic cell in which the following reaction take place
\({ Zn }_{ (s) }+Cu{ SO }_{ 4 }\rightarrow { ZnSO }_{ 4 }+{ Cu }_{ (s) }\)
For the above cell. Identify the anode and cathode half cell.

Why does the emf of Leclanche cell decrease?

Why are lyophillic colloidal sols are more stable than lyophobic colloidal sol.

Addition of Alum purifies water. Why?

Why does physisorption decrease with increase of temperature?

Explain the meaning of the statement. 'Adsorption is a surface phenomenon'.

What happens when 1-phenyl ethanol is treated with acidified KMnO₄.

Complete the following sequence of reaction and Identify A, B and C.

How will you prepare phenol (i) From chloro benzene (ii) From benzene sulphonic acid?

When tertiary butyl alcohol and 1-butanol are separately treated with a few drops of KMnO₄, in one case only the purple colour disappears and a brown precipitate is formed. Which of the two alcohols gives the above reaction and what is that brown precipitate?

An alkene (A) on ozonolysis gives propanone and aldehyde (B). When (B) is oxidised (C) is obtained. (C) is treated with Br₂/P gives (D) which on hydrolysis gives (E). When propanone is treated with HCN followed by hydrolysis gives (E). Identify A, B, C, D and E.

A carbonyl compound A having molecular formula C₅H₁₀O forms crystalline precipitate with sodium bisulphate and gives positive iodoform test. A does not reduce Fehling solution. Identify A.

Explain Stephen's reaction.

How is carboxylic acid prepared from alcohols?

Arrange the following
i. In increasing order of solubility in water, C₆H₅ NH₂, (C₂H₅)₂NH, C₂H₅NH₂
ii. In increasing order of basic strength
a) aniline, p- toludine and p – nitroaniline
b) C₆H₅ NH₂, C₆H₅ NHCH₃, C₆H₅NH₂, p-Cl-C₆- H₄-NH₂
iii. In decreasing order of basic strength in gas phase
(C₂H₅)NH₂, (C₂H₅)NH, (C₂H₅)₅N and NH₃
iv. In increasing order of boiling point
C₆H₅OH, (CH₃)₂NH, C₂H₅NH₂
v. In decreasing order of the pK_b values
C₂H₅NH₂, C₆H₅NHCH₃.(C₂H₅)₂ NH and CH₃NH₂
vi. Increasing order of basic strength
C₂H₅NH₂,C₆H₅N(CH₃)₂, (C₂H₅)₂ NH and CH₃NH₂
vii. In decreasing order of basic strength

How will you prepare propan – 1- amine from
i) butane nitrile
ii) propanamide
ii) 1- nitropropane

An Organic compound (A) with molecular formula C₆H₇N gives (B) with HNO₂ / HCI at 273 K. The aqueous solution of (B) on heating gives compound (C) which gives violet colour with netural FeCI₃. Identify the compounds (A), (B) and (C) and write the equations.

How are the following compounds obtained from benzene diazonium chloride?
(i) phenol
(ii) ester
(iii) p-hydroxy azo benzene

What are reducing and non – reducing sugars?

Why carbohydrates are generally optically active.

Give the structure of α - D - glucose and β- D - glucose

Distinguish between fat soluble and water soluble vitamins.

What are drugs? How are they classified.

Write the structural formula of aspirin.

How is Low density polyethene prepared?

The monomer is capro lactam   Identify the polymer when the monomer is heated at 533K.